Лингвистический анализ текста по английскому

ПОЛНОЕ ЗАДЕНИЕ В ДЕМО ФАЙЛЕ,

часть для поиска ниже:

3     Лингвистический анализ

1 Lexical Aspects of Translation

1.1 Translation of Terms

Table 1

Term type

English original

Russian translation

Way of translation

Simple

web

bug

Derived

сustomization

iteration

Browser

Programming

Compound

Workload

N+N

Tooltip

N+N

Watermark

N+N

Framerate

N+N

life-cycle

N+N

Back-end

N+N

multi-thread

Adj+N

time-consuming

N+P1

Web-worker

N+N

Bounding box

Graphic interface

Extensional architecture

Dirty flag

Candle-stick chart

Streaming system architecture

1.2   Semantic Progression

Table 2

Word

Translation

Way of translation

Bug

Canvas

.

Browser

Web

1.3   Translation of Abbreviations.

Table 3

Abbreviation

Type of forming an abbreviation

Translation

Way of translation

HTML (HyperText Markup Language)

Letter abbreviation

Языкгипертекстовой разметки

The reformulation of the abbreviation into full words

CSS

(Cascade Style Sheets)

Letter abbreviation

Каскадные таблицы стилей

The reformulation of the abbreviation into full words

SVG

(Scalable Vector Graphics)

Letter abbreviation

Масштабируемая векторная графика

The reformulation of the abbreviation into full words

DOM

(Document Object Model)

Letter abbreviation

Объектная модель документа

The reformulation of the abbreviation into full words

FPS

(Frames Per Second)

Letter abbreviation

Кадры в секунду

The reformulation of the abbreviation into full words

DFT

(Discrete Fourier Transform)

Letter abbreviation

Дискретное преобразование Фурье

The reformulation of the abbreviation into full words

2D-FRFT

(Two-Dimensional Fractional Fourier Transform)

Mixed abbreviation: number+letters

Двумерное дробное преобразование Фурье

The reformulation of the abbreviation into full words

1.4   Acronyms

Table 4

Term

Translation

Way of translation

Applet

application + let

Syllable+Suffix

1.5   Polysemantic words

Application

Watermarking applications must guarantee that they conform to robustness of the watermark, that is, the ability to resist accidental or intentional modification or removal of the watermark. –

We present examples to illustrate the possibilities of our design, performance benchmarksof graph drawing, and the usability in real applications. –

Paper

Thispapercontributestothestateoftheartbyproposinganimagewatermarkingtechniquethatattemptstomodeltheattackslikecropping, scalingandrotationintermsoftheimagegeometry. –

TheideaofPaperlessOfficehasbroughtarevolutionarychangeinthepresentsocietywhichhassubsequentlymadetheimportanceofdigitaldocumentshigher.

Design

Themainadvantageofthedesignedarchitecture, isthatbothhumaninteractionandtheinteractionfromprogramareimplementedinthesameway. –

Withtheencapsulationofunderlyingdatatransformationsandcontrolflowexposedtousers, thesedeclarativelanguagesallowuserstofocusonthevisualdesign. –

1.6 Word Partnerships

map

channel

chart

specification

structure

effect

artifact

fidelity

component

style

encoding

representation

template

element

form

mapping

task

Visual

image

schemes

methods

algorithm

technique

applications

system

Watermarking

                                   1.7 Translation of Synonyms

Table 5

English sentence

Synonymous words and their definitions

Russian translation

Type of synonyms

time-consuming- длительный

costly – уходит много времени

To achieve the optimum performance, ECharts leverages Canvas which does not have the time-consumingDOM manipulations.

time-consuming - taking a lot of or too much time.

The state change of canvas is costlybecause of value parsing and validation.

costly -made or done at heavy expense

leverage – использовать, способ достижения цели

use - использовать

To achieve the optimum performance, EChartsleverages Canvas which does not have the time-consuming(синоним) DOM manipulations.

leverage - To use so as to obtain an advantage or profit.

There are some disadvantages to use Canvas.

to use - take, hold, or deploy (something) as a means of accomplishing or achieving something; employ.

purpose - цель, назначение

goal – цель, задача

target–цель, задание

Visual encoding components are used for this purpose.

purpose - The reason for which something is done or created or for which something exists.

The motivation is driven by three goals: easy-to-use, rich built-in interactions, and high performance.

goal - an aim or desired result.

ECharts uses a universal abstraction of data as the source and target of each process to build the relationship of components but keep them independent.

target -  An objective or result towards which efforts are directed.

paper – документ, статья, бумага

work – работа, труд, статья, произведение

The essential motivation of this work is to fill this gap through a declarative object option and composable visualization components, which are modeled with the user-configurable declarative object option.

work - something created as a result of effort.

In this paper, we present ECharts, an open-sourced, web-based, cross-platform framework that supports the rapid construction of interactive visualization.

paper - a piece of writing on a particularsubject written by an expert and usually published in a book or journal.

В этой статье мы представляем ECharts, кроссплатформенный фреймворк с открытым исходным кодом, который поддерживает быстрое построение интерактивной визуализации.

2     Grammatical Aspects of Translation

2.1 Translation of Passive Voice

Table 7

English sentence

Russian sentence

Way of translation

In ECharts, rich interactions are automatically attachedto generated charts, and new interactions can still be specified by means of an easy-to-use event system.

To make it amenable for various scenarios, ECharts provides a variety of chart types, which may be divided into three categories, including built-in, customized, and extended.

Processing provides support of Java applet in its first edition.

2.2 Translation of Non-Finite Forms of the Verb

Table 8

The function and

the way of translation

English sentence

Russian sentence

This mechanism works by dispatchingECharts’ built-in events to registered event listeners when some elements are triggered, or manipulating related data and updating visualization.

We propose an extensional architecture that focuses on data streaming to enable direct reuse of defined interactions of existing components (e.g. the hover event on a legend).

To create a new chart type of OHLC together with the feature of ‘‘zoom’’ and ‘‘tooltip’’…

ECharts is designed to provide easy-to-use visual specificationthat allows users who do not have programming skills to construct web-based visualizations.

An operation on the elements will trigger ZRenderto refresh updates in the next frame.

2.3 Translation of Modal Verbs

Table 9

Modal verb and its function

English sentence

Russian sentence

… all these tasks can be easily accomplished with few lines of codes empowered with ECharts.

Benefited from the JIT in modern browsers, the cost of manipulating the attributes on element graphic is quite small and can be ignored.

When running all tasks in the main UI thread, Canvas drawing must wait until the data processing and vice versa.

It should be noted that, zooming is required to check the detailed information in a tiny duration.

We argue that the flexibility and complexity of visual design should not be limited by the requirement on programming skills.

2.4 Translation of Complex Sentences

Table 10

English sentence

Russian sentence

In the tree, leaf nodes are called displayable, which can be texts, images, paths and drawn on the canvas.

This paper presents an image watermarking technique, which is resistant to most common geometric attacks such as Cropping, Rotation and Scaling.

In this algorithm the rotation synchronization is obtained through template matching by using steerable pyramid transform, which satisfies the shift ability in orientation condition

ECharts implements a 2D vector drawing library named ZRender, which supports display of visual forms in HTML5 canvas and manages graphic elements, rendering as well as events.

For a series, there are three ways to index the corresponding coordinate system: index, ID and name, which are common for indexing any other component.

The kernel of ECharts is a suite of declarative visual design language that customizes built-in chart types.

In particular, the alpha channel of color is used to encode the data selection status ifbrushing component is included.

3   Lexical Grammatical Transformations

3.1 The employment of Addition

Table 11

English Sentence

Technique

Russian Sentence

For path, a proxy is generated to store the path commands data in a Float32Array

Displayablesare drawn sequentially along the order.

By using a dirty flag, we can batch all updates and redraw only once.

As a result, animating 7000 rectangles in different colors can be done in 20 mson chrome 62, with full mouse interactions like dragging and clicking.

3.2 The Employment of Omission

Table 12

English sentence

Commentary

Russian sentence

Users always need to wait a long time for data processing and rendering before see and interact with the visualizations.

Both internal and external procedures control the interactive behavior of the visualization view.

Here, at least two issues should be considered.

3.3Specification

Table 13

Englishsentence

Words requiring specification

Russiansentence

It supports multiple rendering back-ends, including Canvas, SVG and VML.

It has been employed by 90% Baidu’s internal software product, and used by external agencies, such as the Chinese Foreign Ministry, China National Bureau of Statistics, China National Patent Offices, Alibaba, Tencent, Huawei and Lenovo.

By this, the attacker tries to destroy the synchronization between watermark reader and the embedded watermark.

In addition, rich built-in components with configurable options provide the flexible specification of interactions.

3.4 Generalization

Table 14

English sentence

Words requiring generaliztion

Russian sentence

3.5Modulation

Table 15

English sentence

Literal translation

Russian sentence

Till Jan. 2018, there are more than 22,000 star counts and over 1700 related projects in the GitHub, making ECharts the third in the GitHub visualization tab.

До января 2018, здесь было более 22,000 звезд и более 1700 связанных проектов на GitHub, что делает EChartsтретьим на вкладке визуализации GitHub

All these tasks can be easily accomplished with few lines of codes empowered with ECharts.

Все эти задачи могут быть легко выполнены с несколькими строчками кодас разрешенияECharts.

3.6Grammatical Transformations

Table 16

Type of transformation

English sentence

Russian sentence

We released the ECharts official version 1.0.0 on June 30, 2013, and has iterated 63 versions upto now.

Text and image basically wrapthe interface of canvas

3.7Complexanalysis

1. AllthesetaskscanbeeasilyaccomplishedwithfewlinesofcodesempoweredwithECharts. –

2. For path, it needs to further hit test to determine if the point is in the actual drawn area. –