[Росдистант] Иностранный язык в сфере юриспруденции 1. Unit 1, Unit 2, Unit 3 и КР. Оценено на "отлично".

Unit 1.

TEXT. EUROPEAN COMMUNITY.

The European Union (EU) is a supranational and intergovernmental union of 27 states with its total population about 500 million people. There are 23 official and working languages within the Union. Citizens of EU member states are also EU citizens: they directly elect the European Parliament, once every five years. They can live, travel, work, and invest in other member states (with some restrictions on new member states). Passport control and customs checks at most internal borders were abolished by the Schengen Agreement.

The European Union is governed by a number of institutions, these primarily being the European Commission, the Council of the European Union, the European Court of Justice, and the European Parliament.

The European Commission acts as an executive or Civil Service. It is currently composed of one member from each state and is responsible for drafting all proposed law, a duty on which it maintains a monopoly in order to co-ordinate European Law. It also controls some agencies and the day-to-day running of the Union. Its president is nominated by the European Council then elected by the Parliament.

The Council of the European Union (also known as the Council of Ministers) forms one half of the Union's legislative branch (the other being the Parliament). It is composed of the respective national ministers. The body's presidency rotates between the member-states every 6 months, though the current president member-state cooperates with the previous and future president member-state, to provide continuity.

Unit 2.

TEXT.THE US ATTORNEY.

In order to practice law in the USA, one must first be «admitted to the bar» in an individual state. This entails passing the state bar exam. The bar exam covers the law particular to that state and is approximately 6 hours in length. Thus attorneys in America are licensed to practice only in their home states. If they wish to practice in another state, they must fulfill that state's requirements - such as taking test on the specific features of that state's law (a part of the bar examination) before they can practice. Fortunately, there are some states that have reciprocity agreements when two or more states honor each other's rights or privileges, such as practicinglaw.

Generally, state bar examiners require evidence of three qualities in exam candidates: sufficient general education at the undergraduate level; sufficient US legal education; and sufficient knowledge of local bar requirements. Each state bar administration sets its own criteria for permission to sit the state bar exam.

UNIT 3.

Text. LAW FIRM.

A law firm is a business entity formed by one or more lawyers toengage in the practice of law. The primary service provided by a lawfirm is to advise clients (individuals or corporations) about their legalrights and responsibilities, and to represent their clients in civilor criminal cases, business transactions and other matters in whichlegal assistance is sought.

Smaller firms tend to focus on particular specialties of thelaw (e.g. patent law, labor law, tax law, criminal defense, personalinjury); larger firms may be composed of several specialized practicegroups, allowing the firm to diversify their client base and market,and to offer a variety of services to their clients.

Law firms are organized in a variety of ways, but common arrangementsinclude:

TEST II.

I. INTRODUCTION TO LAW: BASIC TERMS

Part A

The following terms in troduceyoutothelawandbasiclegalterminology. Belowarethedefinitions. Match the definition with each term.